{"id":8273,"date":"2024-11-11T12:54:48","date_gmt":"2024-11-11T12:54:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/toffolettodeluca.it\/lavoro-digitale-direttiva-ue-2024\/"},"modified":"2024-11-18T13:17:38","modified_gmt":"2024-11-18T13:17:38","slug":"platform-work-new-rules-from-the-eu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/toffolettodeluca.it\/en\/platform-work-new-rules-from-the-eu\/","title":{"rendered":"Platform work: new rules from the EU"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>It was 9 December 2021 when the European Commission put the proposal to strengthen the rights of\u00a0<strong>platform workers<\/strong> on the table. After three years of intensive negotiations, 11 November 2024 saw publication of\u00a0<strong>Directive 2024\/2381<\/strong>\u00a0to improve\u00a0<strong>working conditions<\/strong>\u00a0and the\u00a0<strong>protection of the personal data<\/strong>\u00a0of platform workers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-8025dd1c gb-headline-text\"><strong><strong>To whom it applies<\/strong><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The measure applies to&nbsp;<strong>digital labour platforms<\/strong>&nbsp;defined as natural or legal persons providing a service which meets all the following requirements:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>It is provided, at least in part, at a distance by&nbsp;<strong>electronic means<\/strong>&nbsp;(e.g., website or app);<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It is provided at the request of a recipient of the service;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It involves, as necessary and essential component, the&nbsp;<strong>organisation of work<\/strong>&nbsp;performed by individuals in return for payment, irrespective of whether that work is performed online or in a certain location;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>it involves the use of&nbsp;<strong>automated monitoring systems<\/strong>&nbsp;or&nbsp;<strong>automated decision-making<\/strong>&nbsp;<strong>systems<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Platforms that provide a service&nbsp;<strong>limited<\/strong>&nbsp;to the&nbsp;<strong>sharing<\/strong>&nbsp;of assets or the&nbsp;<strong>resale&nbsp;<\/strong>of goods, without further involvement of the platform in terms of organisation of work (e.g. rental of short-term accommodation) do not fall within the scope of the Directive.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-91aa0044 gb-headline-text\"><strong><strong>Aims<\/strong><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The&nbsp;<strong>aim<\/strong>&nbsp;of the measure is to identify a&nbsp;<strong>regulation<\/strong>&nbsp;of technological and innovative types of work based on&nbsp;<strong>algorithms&nbsp;<\/strong>that, today, represent new opportunities for access to the world of work.&nbsp;In this sense, the Directive aims to:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>facilitate the correct determination of the&nbsp;<strong>employment status<\/strong>&nbsp;of platform workers;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>ensure that the&nbsp;<strong>algorithmic organisation of work<\/strong>&nbsp;is characterised by canons of&nbsp;<strong>transparency<\/strong>, fairness,&nbsp;<strong>human oversight<\/strong>, safety, and accountability;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>enable&nbsp;<strong>access to information<\/strong>&nbsp;on digital labour platforms by national authorities, also in order to carry out effective checks and inspections.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-bc4597aa gb-headline-text\">Employment status<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>The Directive introduces a&nbsp;<strong>legal presumption<\/strong>&nbsp;of an&nbsp;<strong>employment relationship<\/strong>&nbsp;between the platform and the worker when certain factual elements are present that reveal the exercise of&nbsp;<strong>direction<\/strong>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<strong>control<\/strong>&nbsp;by the platform itself, according to the laws in force in member states.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This presumption must be:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211;&nbsp;<strong>effective<\/strong>, in other words actually make it easy for the employee to benefit from it, also from a point of view of evidence;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211;&nbsp;<strong>rebuttable<\/strong>, in other words the presumption can be rebutted if the platform proves that the contractual relationship is not an employment relationship;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211;&nbsp;<strong>applicable<\/strong>&nbsp;to all administrative or judicial proceedings in which correct classification of the employment relationship is at stake, except for tax, criminal and social security matters, unless otherwise provided by the member states.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The presumption shall also apply to&nbsp;<strong>employment relationships existing<\/strong>&nbsp;on 2 December 2026 but only for the period after that date.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-216ddf99 gb-headline-text\">2. Algorithmic Management<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>The focal point of the Directive is organisation of work by the platforms through the use of&nbsp;<strong>automated monitoring and decision-making systems<\/strong>&nbsp;designed, respectively, to:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; monitor, supervise or evaluate the performance of platform workers (i.e. automated&nbsp;<strong>monitoring<\/strong>&nbsp;systems);<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; take or support, by electronic means, decisions that significantly affect their working conditions such as, for example, recruitment, working time, earnings, suspension or termination of the account (i.e. automated&nbsp;<strong>decision-making<\/strong>&nbsp;systems).&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In order to protect providers, the following&nbsp;<strong>obligations<\/strong>&nbsp;have been introduced for platforms:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>not to process<\/strong>, right from the selection or recruitment stage,&nbsp;<strong>biometric data<\/strong>&nbsp;or&nbsp;<strong>personal data&nbsp;<\/strong>including those relating to emotional or psychological state, private conversations, the exercise of fundamental rights (e.g. freedom of association, the right to take collective action), racial origin, political, religious or philosophical opinions, state of health, trade union membership, or sexual orientation;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>to carry out&nbsp;<\/strong>an<strong>&nbsp;impact assessment&nbsp;<\/strong>of personal data processing by the automated systems;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>to inform&nbsp;<\/strong>platform workers, workers&#8217; representatives and, where appropriate, national competent authorities about automated systems&nbsp;<strong>in use<\/strong>&nbsp;or&nbsp;<strong>being implemented<\/strong>;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>to identify<\/strong>&nbsp;specifically qualified personnel to be assigned to&nbsp;<strong>human oversight<\/strong>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<strong>impact assessment<\/strong>&nbsp;of the automated systems to be carried out at least every two years.&nbsp;These personnel shall be granted specific protection against dismissal or any other unfavourable treatment afforded in connection with the oversight activity. In any case, the decision, where necessary, to limit, suspend, or terminate the contractual relationship or account of the platform worker, must necessarily be made by a human being;&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>to identify<\/strong>&nbsp;a&nbsp;<strong>contact person<\/strong>&nbsp;who shall provide workers with an explanation of the decisions made, so that they can be&nbsp;<strong>reviewed<\/strong>&nbsp;by the platform;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>to assess<\/strong>&nbsp;the risk of automated systems for workers&#8217;&nbsp;<strong>health and safety<\/strong>;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>to carry out<\/strong>&nbsp;a&nbsp;<strong>procedure for informing and consulting<\/strong>&nbsp;the workers&#8217; representatives or, failing that, the providers directly in the event of the introduction or modification of an automated system;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-77e676cd gb-headline-text\">3. Transparency and protective measures<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>Platforms must provide the competent authorities with a series of&nbsp;<strong>information<\/strong>&nbsp;regarding their platform workers (e.g. number, applicable terms and conditions, average duration of activities, average income) as well as to intermediaries with whom they have a contractual relationship.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Measures are also envisaged to ensure the&nbsp;<strong>effective implementation<\/strong>&nbsp;of the rights provided for in the Directive, including:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>prompt&nbsp;<strong>dispute&nbsp;<\/strong><strong>resolution<\/strong>&nbsp;as well as the right to redress in the event of violation of the prerogatives recognised, even after the termination of the relationship;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>establishment<\/strong>&nbsp;by the platform of dedicated and protected&nbsp;<strong>communication channels<\/strong>&nbsp;to enable providers to contact each other privately and safely;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>the prohibition of any&nbsp;<strong>advierse treatment<\/strong>&nbsp;by the platform, also related to the exercise of workers\u2019 recognised rights, including dismissal or contract termination;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>the provision of&nbsp;<strong>effective, dissuasive and proportionate sanctions<\/strong>&nbsp;in the event of violations.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Finally, the measure promotes the&nbsp;<strong>role<\/strong>&nbsp;of social partners and&nbsp;<strong>collective bargaining<\/strong>.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-3451fcf0 gb-headline-text\"><strong><strong>Next steps<\/strong><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Member States will have until&nbsp;<strong>2 December 2026<\/strong>&nbsp;to transpose these new provisions into their national laws.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Toffoletto De Luca Tamajo\u00a0<\/strong>is at your disposal for any support or clarification you may need.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">For further information: <a href=\"mailto:comunicazione@toffolettodeluca.it\">comunicazione@toffolettodeluca.it<\/a><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Directive 2024\/2831 was published on 11 November 2024 with provisions to improve working conditions and the protection of personal data of platform workers.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":27,"featured_media":8217,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"content-type":"","_lmt_disableupdate":"yes","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[21],"tags":[166],"class_list":["post-8273","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-newsflash-insight","tag-global-mobility-en"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.1.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Platform work: new rules from the EU<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Directive 2024\/2831 was published on 11 November 2024 with provisions to improve working conditions and the protection of personal data of platform workers. 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